Principle

    The principle of laser welding with filler wire is shown in following photo. The focused laser pot is directly irradiated on the wire, and the wire melts when it enters the area to be welded. In order to protect the processing area and control the photoplasma between the workpieces, it is also necessary to blow the shielding gas into the laser beam, welding wire and the working part of the workpiece. At the same time, in order to achieve single-sided welding and both-sided formation, back protection is also necessary.

    Laser welding generally does not require filler wire, but it is difficult to guarantee the quality in actual production. In order to facilitate the formation of the weld, the method of filler wire welding can be used to adjust and reduce the assembly clearance requirements.

Advantages of laser welding with filler wire:

• Filler wire welding improves welding performance;
• Filler wire welding is helpful to the formation of narrow gap welds;
• Aluminum alloy filler wire welding improves weld formation and welding process;
• Laser wire welding is convenient for welding dissimilar metals;

1.If filler wire is not used, the chemical composition of the weld depends entirely on the base metal, and the properties cannot be adjusted as required. During laser welding of aluminum alloys, elements with low boiling points are easily evaporated, resulting in a decrease in welding performance.

2.If filler wire is not applied, laser welding requires tight joint clearances. The maximum gap of self-welding shall not exceed 10% of the thickness of the steel plate. In actual production, especially in the aerospace industry, indirect laser welding of thin sheets is unavoidable. When the thickness of the thin plate is less than or equal to 1.2 mm, it is difficult to meet the gap requirements of butt welding. If the surface is butt-welded to the plate, this gap requirement is more difficult to meet. Although the assembly gap of the workpiece to be welded can meet the requirements of machining, it will inevitably increase the cost, which is not conducive to the promotion and application of laser welding in industrial production.

3.If filler wire is not used, the laser welding process of Aluminum alloy is unstable, the weld shape is not ideal, the reflectivity of the molten pool is high, and the surface tension is low, which will lead to welding defects such as weld collapse, porosity, and softening. These issues limit the application of laser welding in the aerospace and defense industry.

    In conclusion, laser welding with filler wire not only maintains the inherent advantages of laser welding, but also improves the surface shape of Aluminum alloy, improves the mechanical properties of joints, prevents cracks, and achieves smaller power and better welding performance. At the same time, the application range of laser welding is greatly expanded.

    Beijing Aland Welding Co., Ltd. manufacture high-quality hand-held laser welding machines of 1000W/1500W/2000W/3000W and accessories for your choice. Any inquiry from you will be highly appreciated!

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